If a word ends with a consonant, -es is added at the end to form the plural. Singular Plural Papel (paper) Papeles (papers) Pared (wall) Paredes (walls) Reloj (watch) Reloches (watches) Motor (motor) motores (motors) Volcán (volcano) Volcanes (volcanoes)
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If a word ends with an unstressed vocal, or with a stressed -e, the plural is formed by adding an –s at the end. Singular Plural Persona (person) Personas (people) Casa (house) Casas (houses) Vaso (glass) Vasos (glasses) Café (coffee) Cafés (coffees)
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The commons: Words with the same ending for both genders. Estudiante (student), dentista (dentist), paciente (patient), periodista (journalist), gerente (manager), cliente (client), joven (teen), conserje (janitor), guía (guide), etc.
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Ambiguous: Words that do not have a gender, and can thus be written with both feminine and masculine articles, without changing the definition of the noun. Lente (lens), mar (sea), arte (art), dote (dowry), azúcar (sugar), etc. The use of articles will be explained in Chapter 3.
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Epicenes: Words that need the words Macho (male) or Hembra (female) to identify the gender. Tiburón (shark) Macho Tiburón (shark) Hembra Mosca (fly) Macho Mosca (fly) Hembra Pulga (flea) Macho Pulga (flea) Hembra Culebra (snake) Macho Culebra (snake) Hembra Hormiga (ant) Macho Hormiga (ant) Hembra Abeja (bee) Macho Abeja (bee) Hembra Ballena (whale) Macho Ballena […]
read more »General rules for femenine words: The majority of words that end with –a. Casa (house), puerta (door), cabeza (head), hija (daughter), ropa (clothes), palma (palm), tienda (store), pluma (feather), etc. All words that end with -ción, -sión, -dad, -tud, -red. Canción (song), tensión (tensión), ciudad (city), actitud (attitude), pared (wall), etc. Many words ending in […]
read more »General rules for masculine words: Words that end with –o. Camino (path), año (year), hijo (son/child), hermano (brother), etc. The majority of words that end with –s. Paréntesis (Parenthesis), análisis (analysis), país (country), mes (month), interés (interest), etc. The majority of words that end with –n. Almacén (store), botón (button), camión (truck), volcán (volcano), corazón […]
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A frequent irrgegular verb conjugation is that of the changing root. Some very frequent verbs such as poder (to be able to) and pensar (to think) are conjugated with a root change. Because of this, it is very important to know for which verbs roots have to be changed in order to make a correct […]
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One of the most difficult parts of any language are the verbs. However, without them you would not be able to make any sentence, so basically you know a language once you are able to correctly conjugate the correct verb. Also, not being able to combine the correct conjugation of a verb with the right […]
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This chapter combines knowledge concerning the noun and the adjective, as they are often used together. Making use of an adjective to describe a noun, will make your Spanish sound much more fluent and profesional. This chapter is very good to study together with the chapter on the article, as well as the gender and […]
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